The Digestive Processes in Domestic Animals
نویسنده
چکیده
NEARLY all food niaterials are in too complex and insoluble forms as they are consumed by either animals or man to be absorbed and assimilated. The specific purpose of digestion, therefore, is to convert these food substances into simple and soluble materials fit for absorption and assimilation. All animals except tlie most primitive types are provided with several highly specialized digestive organs. The digestive tract may be described as a tube extending from the lips to the anus, constructed with such dilations and constrictions throughout its length as to form a number of compartments, each of which has a specific function in the digestive process. The contents of the tube, that is, the foods taken in, or ingested, by the animal, are propelled by wavelike movements known as peristalsis. In additioji to moving the food along the tract until it is eventually expelled, the movements serve to mix the food with the digestive juices, to promote absorption of digested material, and to enhance the flow of blood and lymph through the intestinal vessels. The degree to which this system has been elaborated in the several species under consideration suggests the kind and character of food usually eaten. The kind of foods habitually used brings each species of animal under one of three classifications: Carnivorous (meateating), herbivorous (plant-eating), or omnivorous (eating both meat and plant substances). Of the herbivorous species, the horse, ox, and sheep are the most important among domesticated animals; the dog and cat exemplify the carnivorous; and the pig and the barnyard fowl are represeiitative of the omnivorous type.
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تاریخ انتشار 2010